What factors affect the work efficiency of the roadway repair machine used in coal mines

The editor of Shandong Haoyun Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd. will discuss the factors that affect the work efficiency of coal mine tunnel repair machines.

The work efficiency of coal mine roadway repair machines is not a fixed value, but is comprehensively influenced by four core dimensions: equipment performance, operating environment conditions, construction organization and management, and material characteristics. Different factors, through direct or indirect effects, ultimately determine the progress and quality of repair operations. The following is a detailed analysis of specific influencing factors and their mechanisms of action:

1、 Equipment performance itself: the “basic hardware” of efficiency

The core parameters and structural design of the equipment directly determine its upper limit of operational capability, which is the fundamental factor affecting efficiency, mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Matching degree of homework parameters

Excavation/fragmentation parameters: The maximum excavation radius and depth determine the “coverage range” of the equipment – if the excavation radius is less than the width of the tunnel, the position of the machine body needs to be frequently adjusted, significantly increasing the auxiliary time; The impact frequency of the breaking hammer and the speed of the milling head directly affect the rock breaking/coal cleaning speed. The lower the parameters, the less processing capacity per unit time.

Walking speed: Tunnel repair requires frequent movement of equipment, and slow walking speed will increase non work time, especially in long-distance tunnels where accumulated auxiliary time accounts for a relatively high proportion.

2. Multi functional configuration and adaptability to accessories

The repair of tunnels requires multiple processes such as crushing, coal cleaning, leveling, and ditch excavation. Haoyun Heavy Industry equipment supports the selection of quick replacement tools, which can reduce the waiting time for process switching; On the contrary, if manual disassembly of bolts and replacement of tools are required, it will significantly interrupt the operation process. In addition, the mismatch between the type of equipment and the job requirements can also lead to a decrease in efficiency.

3. Equipment reliability and maintenance status

Wear life of vulnerable parts: The breaking hammer drill rod and milling head tooth seat are high-frequency wear parts. If the material has poor wear resistance, frequent shutdown and replacement will directly interrupt the operation;

Equipment failure frequency: Hydraulic system leaks, track looseness, and other faults can lead to a reduction in mean time between failures – halving efficiency.

2、 Working environment conditions: external constraints on efficiency

The complex and ever-changing environment of underground coal mine tunnels directly limits the operational freedom of equipment due to spatial, geological, and safety conditions. The main influencing factors include:

1. Dimensions of tunnel space

Tunnel repair machines are mostly suitable for narrow spaces, but spaces that are too narrow or too short can directly “limit equipment movement”:

Insufficient width: If the width of the tunnel is large, the swing angle of the equipment arm will be compressed, and multiple adjustments to the machine body will be required to cover the side support for repair, increasing the auxiliary time;

Insufficient height: If the clear height of the tunnel is too high, the boom cannot be lifted into place during the roof lifting operation, and “layered roof lifting” is required, doubling the number of operations.

2. Underground auxiliary conditions
3. Ventilation and lighting: Poor ventilation can lead to difficulty in dissipating heat from equipment, and insufficient lighting requires frequent manual adjustment of light positions, increasing work interruptions;

Power supply stability: The tunnel repair machine relies on underground high-voltage power supply. If the voltage fluctuation exceeds ± 10%, it will cause unstable motor speed.

3、 Construction organization management: “artificial regulation” of efficiency

Reasonable organization and operation are the key to transforming equipment performance and environmental conditions into actual efficiency, with core influencing factors including:

1. Operator skill level

The proficiency of operators directly determines the “efficiency of action connection” and “fault avoidance ability” of equipment:

Action coordination: Skilled operators can synchronously control “boom swing+bucket retraction+walking”, while unskilled operators need to operate step by step, increasing the time for a single operation;

Fault prediction: Skilled operators can detect small faults in advance through “abnormal noise, oil temperature, and pressure” to avoid prolonged downtime caused by the expansion of the fault.

2. Process connection and resource allocation

The repair of tunnels requires the coordination of multiple stages such as “repair, gangue removal, and support”. Any disconnection in these stages will result in equipment waiting

Tailings matching: If the coal cleaning/gangue removal speed of the repair machine far exceeds the transport capacity of the mining car, it will cause gangue to accumulate in front of the equipment, forcing the equipment to stop and wait for the mining car;

Support coordination: If the progress of the temporary support team lags behind, the repair machine needs to be stopped and wait for the support to be completed, creating a bottleneck of “repair waiting for support”.

3. Maintenance Plan

Regular maintenance can extend equipment lifespan and reduce failures, but an unreasonable maintenance plan can have a negative impact on efficiency

Excessive maintenance: If forced to shut down for 2 hours every day for maintenance, the effective working time per day will be reduced;

Insufficient maintenance: Failure to replace hydraulic oil on a regular basis can lead to a decrease in hydraulic system efficiency and increase the risk of malfunctions.

4、 Material Characteristics: The ‘Processing Object Impact’ on Efficiency

The characteristics of materials such as floating coal, gangue, and accumula ted water that need to be processed in the repair operation directly affect the difficulty of equipment processing:

1. Material block size and humidity

Block too large: If the size of the gangue exceeds the capacity of the equipment bucket, it needs to be crushed before loading, adding additional operational steps;

Excessive humidity: If the moisture content of the floating coal exceeds the standard, it will adhere to the bucket and conveyor belt, increase the cleaning time, and easily cause the conveyor belt to slip.

2. Material stacking status

The stacking thickness and flatness of floating coal/gangue on the bottom plate of the roadway affect the equipment’s “shovel loading efficiency”: if the stacking thickness exceeds the maximum cutting depth of the equipment bucket, layered shovel loading is required; If the stacking is uneven, the equipment needs to adjust the angle frequently, which increases the single shovel loading time.

Summary: The interaction of various factors and the direction of efficiency optimization

The efficiency of the tunnel repair machine is the comprehensive result of “equipment capability environmental constraints human management material characteristics”.

To improve efficiency, targeted optimization is needed:

Equipment side: Select parameters that match the conditions of Haoyun Heavy Industry and the tunnel, and regularly maintain vulnerable parts;

Environmental side: Pre treat the broken area of the roof to ensure ventilation and stable power supply;

Management end: Train operators to improve their collaborative action ability, synchronize the matching of gangue and support progress;

Material end: Clean up large pieces of gangue in advance and control the moisture content of floating coal.